Family-full, we are by Modern Fertility Treatments as PGD / PGS in India.

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Today, the science of healthy living has its chapter mentioned at everyone’s regular activities. Yes, the healthy living we all ought to live with is thoroughly none other than Tonic to accentuate your smiles. Not only do people from overseas are likely to be found living around the modern medical solutions, but also laity of India to have been inhaling derivations of modern living.

So relying on the most excellent remedial addresses takes in best for the healthy living. Even the infertility issues become wrinkles of infertile parents for a long time has found today answer to their question. In India, there are various addresses to believe on, but do not bring out their services relevant to people’s interest. At us, get thoroughly an abundance of fertility treatments in India (IVF, Surrogacy and more).

Though IVF PGD in India is often used to refer to any testing performed on an embryo prior to it being transferred to the uterus, Pre-implantation genetic screening could assess the status of an embryo with regard to its chromosomal composition.

Though our Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) renders as the process of removing a cell from an in vitro fertilization embryo for genetic testing before moving the embryo to the uterus, Pre-Implantation Genetic Screening (PGS) is accomplished as part of in vitro fertilization (IVF) process used to treat infertile couples.

Difference between PGD and PGS

For those who fall with a known genetic abnormality, such as a single gene defect, they undergo Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis. Those for whom this technology is a tool to assist screen embryos for an irregular number of chromosomes are supposed to be having screening performed, therefore the use of term Pre-Implantation Genetic Screening.

History of PGD – PGS

IVF was first successfully used in 1978. This was not until years later that scientists started fiddling with the option for taking out one or more cells from the embryo to get information about the possible health of the child that might result following implantation of that embryo.

The first report of pre-implantation genetic testing in humans with a pregnancy resulting went published in 1990. Major developments in these technologies have been expanded since then. Both the embryo biopsy techniques with the genetics technologies employed on cells removed from embryos have enhanced noticeably.

How is IVF-PGS performed?

At us, the initial part of the IVF cycle is performed in the same way as for infertility and gets made of five basic steps:

  • Developing of the eggs;
  • Recovery of the eggs;
  • Fertilization of the eggs and expansion of the resultant embryos;
  • Biopsy of the embryos and CGH to display the embryos for chromosomal abnormalities;
  • Freezing of the embryos to obtain the test results and moving unchanged embryos in a frozen embryo cycle (FET).
At WFS, keep in mind that PGD for gender selection stands as illegal in India and not practiced by our clinic

Also PGD/PGS is performed well at an affiliate lab in New Delhi and not at WFS lab
The alternative to IVF-PGS is for a couple to attain a pregnancy logically, or through conservative fertility treatment, and to trust in prenatal diagnosis through chorionic villus sampling (CVS) or amniocentesis using parallel molecular diagnostic techniques. By these systems, more material could be tested from a pregnancy and more time taken for interpretation. Also misdiagnosis may take place, but less regularly than with PGS. On the other hand, the only options for the couple at this time are moreover providing birth to a child with the termination of the pregnancy.
In general, there are 5 main groups of patients that might utilize PGS or PGD such as:

  • Patients that are having IVF with advanced female age – 38 or older (common)
  • Patients of any age with repeated IVF failure – usually defined as 3 or more failed attempts
  • To screen for inherited genetic diseases
  • Patients that are carriers of chromosomal translocations
  • Patients that have had recurrent miscarriages
  • The mainly common reason that PGS is performed in the US is for “Advanced Age”.
  • This would often indicate older than about 37 in many programs providing PGD.
  • The logic recounts to the fact that women of progressing age have enlarged rates of chromosomally irregular eggs – which after fertilization will turn into chromosomally abnormal embryos.
Yes, this really brings itself in vision as an unusual situation in which a couple recognizes that they bear a gene that would set their child at risk to including a serious medical condition. For example, if the male partner and female partner are both carriers of a recessive disease, their child would have a 25% chance of having this terrible disease. By having IVF and PGD, they could have “normal” embryos transferred so that their child should not have cystic fibrosis.
Also, this appears as a rare situation in which a couple recognizes well that one of them has a chromosomal arrangement called as a fair translocation. When someone has a fair chromosomal translocation they are normal until they attempt to have a child.

When the chromosomes in their sperm or eggs unite with those of their partner in the fertilized embryo, they have a towering percentage of chromosomal abnormalities. These embryos are at the very high risk for miscarriage or could cause to the birth of a child with birth defects. This is another situation where PGS could assist. By having IVF aneuploidy screening of the embryos, they could include chromosomally normal embryos transferred. Greatly this lessens their risk for miscarriage and birth defects.

  • The embryos can be traumatized by the biopsy procedure particularly for day 3 embryo biopsies
  • There comes in vision that some evidence that cautiously executed trophectoderm biopsies done on day 5 and day 6 blastocysts might not fail the embryo at all
  • As with any new technique and technology, there stands out a “learning curve”
  • Some technicians will be more capable at the biopsy procedure
  • Some genetics labs will be more talented at the analytical component after the cells get detached – providing a superior percentage of precise results
  • As a result, there could be huge differences between centers executing these techniques, and even between technicians within the same IVF center
    • Mosaicism can complicate matters. An embryo is a mosaic if there are 2 or more different chromosomal patterns in cells of that embryo
    • There is evidence that mosaic embryos sometimes “self-repair”, or probably choose irregular cells preferentially to the placenta in place of the fetus. More research on mosaicism gets desirable
At us, PGD gets itself as recommended for the couples at risk for:

  • X-chromosome-linked disorders like muscular dystrophies, Rhett syndrome, and hundreds of others that should be registered by a genetic counselor at a reproductive clinic.
  • Single gene defects like cystic fibrosis, Tay-Sachs disease, sickle-cell anemia, and Huntington’s disease.
  • Frequent miscarriages.

PGD Methods of Genetic Analysis

FISH is used for the determination of sex for X-linked diseases, chromosomal abnormalities and aneuploidy screening. When FISH gets itself used to assess the genetic structure of an embryo, the embryos get full-grown to the Day 3 stage, and a single cell is taken away from each embryo. The cells get then attached to a glass slide, wrapped up and sent to the fertility clinic’s genetic testing laboratory partner for assessment.
Polymerase Chain Reaction gets itself for the diagnosis of single gene defects, such as leading and recessive disorders. Yes, it is a technique in which an exacting DNA sequence is copied repeatedly in order to make easy its analysis. Rapidly PCR enlarges a single DNA molecule into billions of molecules. PCR necessitates enough amounts of a clean, high-class sample of DNA, which is sometimes not easy to get from a single cell.
With Comparative Genomic Hybridization at us, the embryo nucleus is labeled with a fluorescent dye and a control cell gets labeled using another color (i.e., red or green). The ratio between two colors is evaluated. If the chromosomal analysis explains an excess of red, the embryo nucleus has an extra chromosome. If an excess of green is apparent, then the embryo nucleus is missing one of these chromosomes. CGH allows genetic specialists to examine all 23 chromosomes and provides a more detailed picture of the entire length of the chromosome, which may detect imbalance of chromosomal segments.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms render as the most common type of genetic variation among the people. Each SNP stands for a difference in a single DNA building block, called a nucleotide. For example, a SNP may restore the nucleotide cytosine (C) with the nucleotide thymine (T) in a sure stretch of DNA.
Normally SNPs happen all through a person’s DNA. They occur once in every 300 nucleotides on average, which stands that there are roughly 10 million SNPs in the human genome. Most commonly, these variations are found in the DNA between genes. They can act as biological markers, facilitating scientists put genes that are associated with disease. When SNPs take place within a gene or in a regulatory region near a gene, they could cooperate a more direct role in disease by affecting the gene’s function.
IVF Treatment with PGD
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